JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
Published on March 10, 2008
EXHIBIT I
JOINT FILING AGREEMENT
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Each of the undersigned hereby agrees that the Schedule 13G
filed herewith is filed jointly, pursuant to Rule 13d-1(f)(1)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended on behalf of
each of them.
Dated: March 10, 2008
AXA Financial, Inc.
BY: /s/ Alvin H. Fenichel
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Alvin H. Fenichel
Senior Vice President and Controller
AXA Assurances I.A.R.D. Mutuelle; AXA Assurances Vie
Mutuelle; as a group, and AXA
Signed on behalf of each of the above entities
BY: /s/ Alvin H. Fenichel
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Alvin H. Fenichel
Attorney-in-Fact